Performance:

When it comes to performance, ReactNative gains brownie points straight away because it is cheaper than native development. Since it is based on JavaScript, it does not have to shout loud to gain that extra attention, it always remains a top choice among developers. With ReactNative, generating code for native APIs is an easy process as it aligns perfectly with components of both operating systems, android and iOS.

With Kotlin, you have enhanced speed and less scope for errors. Its multi-platform usability also makes it a top contender. While Java and Kotlin are programming languages, Flutter is more of a UI development kit. On any given day, Flutter accounts for higher and increased productivity because of its Hot Reload and Hot Restart feature.

As for Java, it complies 13% faster than Kotlin and is a vibrant and extensible programming language. With fewer bugs, it scores high in efficiency as well.

The winner here? Well, it’s a draw!

Learning Curve:

Being a Google baby, Kotlin is easy to learn as there are many courses available for Kotlin. Developers find it easy to learn and use Kotlin for android as it is fully interoperable with Java. On the other hand, due to its JSX, ReactNative has a steep learning curve though one can easily find developers and requires a skill set for it.

As for ReactNative, it’s easier to learn it if you have a thorough understanding of JavaScript. It would also help if you know some basic HTML and CSS. When it comes to Flutter, it has better comprehensive documentation available. If you have some prior experience, learning Flutter will be like a walk in the park.

Thanks to its type safety, object-orientedness, and overall straightforwardness, Java enjoys the status of being one of the easiest programming languages for beginners to learn. Getting to know Java is not difficult stuff as most developers would describe it.

The winner here? Well, it’s a tie between Java and Flutter.

Popularity:

Being the world’s first baby in terms of programming languages, Java has undoubtedly enjoyed a lot of stardom and popularity all these years. It will perhaps never lose marks in terms of popularity because it became the foundation and the base for the other programming languages to grow.

On the other hand, Flutter today shines like a star among app developers throughout the globe due to its friendly environment and strong cross-platform development framework. As for Kotlin, it may not shake hands with Flutter and Java when it comes to popularity, but it nevertheless enjoys a loyal fan following of its own.

It’s heartening to know that ReactNative too isn’t far behind. With a 38% market share, it has been able to create a strong foothold as the 2nd most used cross-platform mobile app development framework adopted worldwide.

Flutter app development finds its place as the top three most loved technology with a percentage of 68.03% in the global index.

The winner here? Flutter undoubtedly.

UI/UX Design:

It’s a widely accepted fact that an immaculate interface design will always enable an app to have higher downloads. If you truly want to make or break your customer base, you need to work hard at creating a UI and UX design that persuades users at first sight.

While Java enjoys immense love from developers, it does not offer specific instructions to developers while designing. On the other hand, Flutter helps developers with functional, classy, and scalable applications as it has unparalleled customization options engraved inside. As for Kotlin, its cross-platform capabilities help it to make efficient applications without many issues.

ReactNative too helps developers create an impressive graphical user interface ↗ without many hassles. The UI controllers and the ReactJS Library give them a lot of power to create interfaces that attract more and more customers. On the whole, Flutter and ReactNative seem to be more trusted when it comes to an impeccable UI and UX design interface.

The winner here? It’s a tie between Flutter and ReactNative.

Pricing:

When it comes to pricing, these programming languages are extremely affordable on the pocket and easily available for most people to learn and use for their benefit.

None of them cost a bomb and none of them give you any second thoughts here. Flutter is an open-source platform and is free of cost. On the other hand, Kotlin is also free of cost. You can easily find its source code on GitHub as well.

As for Java, you will find paid updates for JDK 8, 11, and 13 from Oracle on their website. All this is for commercial use and numerous developers can easily avail of its services.

When it comes to ReactNative, it’s just like Flutter and Kotlin, open source and available free of cost to everyone. With the click of a mouse, these programming languages are all yours.

The winner here? All of them.

Support for testing:

Kotlin leads the pack here due to its multi-platform app development framework. You don’t need to integrate anything with Kotlin. All this enables developers to work with their native tools for cross-platform apps too as they begin mobile app development ↗ using Kotlin. Flutter too enjoys plus points due to its well-documented support. It makes the testing process easier as it integrates quickly with iOS and android based platforms.

As for ReactNative, the testing methods seldom cover the actual logic written in the apps. Therefore, ReactNative provides more benefits when it comes to functional testing. Since ReactNative is highly compatible, it provides more tools, frameworks, and native methods for testing at large.

Java too offers a large framework in terms of testing. However, it can give a headache to experienced programmers and novice developers too.

The winner here? No doubt, it’s Kotlin.

The way a programming language and its framework work on a cross-platform development basis greatly describes its success in today’s volatile mobile application development environment. At the same time, it’s satisfying to know that all the leading app development languages do not differ by a large margin in solving cross-platform issues and glitches.

Being equipped with many modern features, Kotlin supports hybrid mobile app cross-platform development on a much deeper level. Developers don’t have to think twice while working on mobile app development using Kotlin multi-platform to develop apps seamlessly and efficiently across all platforms. But, even ReactNative is not too far behind. It occupies a dominant position and tops the chart thereby providing several tools to developers that make the hybrid mobile app development ↗ process easy and extremely effective.

However, as compared to Flutter, ReactNative is slowly losing its charm and initial fixation. With the support of Google’s UI toolkit, Flutter app development is fast becoming a personal favorite among a lot of developers. It tends to provide a wholesome experience in terms of cross-platform development and rates high in the development index.

The father of all, even Java is not too far behind even with its newer competitors occupying a prominent position. Even today it is the most universal cross-platform development language. However, as compared to its newer counterparts, it lacks behind when you want to expand the scope to the iOS platform.

However, Kotlin Multi-platform seems to have taken a major liking in the market. Whether one wants to share business logic between multiple platforms or write platform-specific codes, Kotlin Multi-platform is riding high to become a huge success in the days to come.

While most of these programming languages have their own set of limitations and benefits, you have to look deep into your requirements while choosing one.